Uncertainty Visualization and Hole Filling for Geometric Models of Ancient Water Systems

Geometric data acquired via a scanning process can suffer from holes due to errors in the acquisition process, noise, or challenges in merging multiple inputs together into a unified map. We present a straight forward algorithm to fill holes in incomplete evidence grids representing acquired geometric data. We also present our methods to apply learning in order to statistically evaluate the proposed hole filling algorithm. This analysis validates our proposed method for hole filling and additionally enables the construction of a probability distribution function to represent the accuracy of the filled data per model. During surface reconstruction, this function can be used to visualize the certainty of the filled geometry via transparency and coloring giving the user an understanding of the data’s accuracy. This work is motivated by a multi-year project to construct educational visualizations of ancient water storage systems, i.e. cisterns and wells within churches, fortresses and homes on the islands of Malta, Gozo and Sicily.